Russian cosmism in the cultural space of Russia

The article is devoted to the emerging trends in changing the image of Russian cosmism in Russian culture. The cultural phenomenon of Russian cosmism was realized decades after being hushed up, since the creative activity of the most significant thinkers-cosmists falls on the last decades of the 19th – first decades of 20th centuries. The formation of the concept of «Russian cosmism» in Soviet philosophy and science falls on the 1960–1980s, when V.  I. Vernadsky’s idea of the noosphere approached the communist ideals of the future. During the years of «perestroika», Russian cosmism acquired its classic image of a syncretic worldview that can save humanity. During these years, Russian culture adopted «Russian cosmism» not only due to environmental discourse, but primarily due to the rediscovery of its own cultural origins and the publication of works by Russian cosmist philosophers, whose ideas were pushed out of the public sphere in the Soviet years. In the 21st century, thanks to the rapid development of science, information technology and the growing authority of technological solutions, Russian cosmism in the cultural space is no longer so much a teaching of the biosphere, which is turning into the noosphere, as an ethical and philosophical justification of transhumanism. The ideas of N. F. Fedorov in the cultural space of Russia are becoming more and more influential in comparison with the ideas of V. I. Vernadsky