Russian publishing houses in Berlin, 1920-1924

The history of the activities of publishing houses of the Russian emigration of Berlin period is given. The thematic-typological analysis of the products of publishing houses is carried out. The contribution to the Russian culture and literature of Russian publishing houses in Berlin is shown. The main attention is paid to the activities of the most purchased, universal publishers: I. P. Ladyzhnikov, Z. I. Grzhebin, «Petropolis», «Helikon», «Grani», «Thought», «Book publishing of writers in Berlin», «Obelisk», «Word», «Scythians», «Bronze Horseman». More briefly, the work of specialized and highly specialized Russian publishing houses in Berlin is considered: «Russian Art», «Strela», «Granit», «Physician», «Vostok», «For the Church». Brief biographical data on the owners, directors and editors-in-chief of the publishers being studied are presented. The issue is raised with historiographical positions on the originality and scientific nature of many publications on the topic.