научный журнал
вестник Санкт-Петербургского государственного
института культуры
RUS| ENG

Weathering and its role in changing the philosophical, historical and cultural value of stone architecture

  • Annotation
  • Authors
  • List of references

Managing risk for our heritage is an extremely diverse and challenging task, refl ecting the vast diversity of history, style, art and culture. We have many diff erent types of monuments made of diff erent materials, the age of which is estimated at centuries, and which are in completely diff erent conditions. Air pollution is just one of the risks that threaten this legacy, and often may not be the most pressing. In addition, there is another complication that weathering occurs naturally, and it is often believed to contribute to a sense of age and serenity, which is fundamental to how we value our ancient buildings. However, the damage caused is real, measurable and in many cases obvious. Historically, industrial development has left a legacy of faceless statues and blackened buildings. Initially, this was a relatively local problem (the damage was caused by emissions from local sources), but the broader scope of the problem was recognized after studies of acid rain in the 1970s. 

  • Мохамед Хассан Ахмед
  • 1. Kargin A., Kostina A. Preservation of the intangible cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation as a priority of Russia’s cultural policy in the 21st century. Knowledge. Understanding. Skill. 2008. 3, 59–71 (in Russ.). 2. Dyatchina E. A., Ptukhina I. S. Preservation of cultural heritage sites. Construction of unique buildings and structures. 2017. 4 (55), 94–114 (in Russ.). 3. Kyzoro K. A. Preservation and popularization of the cultural heritage of the region by rural libraries (on the example of the Tomsk region). Bulletin of the Kemerov State University. 2015. 6, 2 (62), 193–197 (in Russ.). 4. Seregin N. N., Tishkin A. A., Gorbunov V. V., Matrenin C. C. The beginning of the necropoles of the syanbian-zhuzhan time on the Choburak-I complex (Northern Altai). Saving and study of the cultural heritage of the Altai Territory. 2018. 24, 136–144 (in Russ.). 5. Tuğrul A. Beril, Zarif H. Ì. Research on limestone decay in a polluting environment, Istanbul-Turkey. Environmental geology. 1999. 38 (2), 149–158. 6. Hassan М. Study the Environmental factors that aff ect in EI Ashmunein area Minia and the methods of treatment and conservation. Minya: Minya Univ., 2015. 191. 7. Araoka W., Hokoi S., Ogura D., Iba C., Li Y., Hu S.  Deterioration and preservation of City Wall in Nanjing. Energy Procedia. 2017. 132, 945–950. 8.  Frank-Kamenetskaya O. V. (ed.), Vlasov D. Yu. (ed.), Rytikova V. V. (ed.). The Eff ect of the environment on SaintPetersburg’s cultural heritage. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2019. 193. 9.  Siegesmund S. (ed.), Snethlage R. (ed.). Stone in architecture: properties, durability. Berlin: Springer-Verl., 2011. 546. 10. Baeva L. V. Preservation of the cultural heritage as an embodiment of the value of tradition. Philosophy and society. 2012. 1, 109–118 (in Russ.). 11. Barmin V. V. Preservation of the cultural heritage of Russian Germans in Western Siberia. World of science, culture, education. 2009. 7 (19), 21–23 (in Russ.). 12. Berti M. Conservation of coral stone architectural heritage on the Coast of East Africa. Procedia social and behavioral sciences. 2016. 225, 47–56. 13. Krogiys V., Kolesnichenko S. Preservation of cultural heritage in Japan: Comparison with Russ. problems. Observatory of culture. 2005. 6, 72–75 (in Russ.).14. Fitzner B., Heinrichs K., Dennis, Bouchardiere L. A. Limestone weathering on historical monuments in Cairo, Egypt. Geological Society London special publications. 2002. 205 (1), 217. 15. Kramar S., Mladenović A., Pristacz H., Mirtič B. Deterioration of the black Drenov Grič limestone on historical monuments (Ljubljana, Slovenia). Acta Carsologica = Karsoslovni zbornik. 2011. 3 (40), 483–495. 16. Emara A.-A. S., Korany M. S. An Analytical study of building materials and deterioration factors of Farasan heritage houses, and the recommendations of conservation and rehabilitation (German House Case Study). Procedia social and behavioral sciences. 2016. 216, 561–569. 17. Pender R. (ed.), Ridout B. (ed.), Curteis T. (ed.). Building environment: Engl. heritage practical building conservation. Dorchester: Ashgate: Farnham, 2014. 651. 18. Borrelli E. (ed.), Chiari G. (ed.), Urland A. (ed.). Conservation of architectural heritage, historic structures and materials. Introduction. Rome: ICCROM,1999. 1. 99. 19. ICOMOS-ISCS: Illustrated glossary on stone deterioration patterns Glossaire illustré sur les formes d’altération de la pierre / Com. sci. inter. «Pierre» de l’ICOMOS. URL: https://ru.scribd.com/document/45999734/Monumentsand-Sites-15-ISCS-Glossary-Stone. (assessed: Jun.09.2020). 20. Cassar J. A. Comment on «Model of limestone weathering and damage in masonary» by P. Gatt, «Xjenza» vol. 11 (2006). Xjenza. 2007. 12, 1–3. 21. Nabil Al-Abd, Nabil B. Experimental tests used for treatment of disintegrated granite in valley temple of Khafre – Egypt. International journal of conservation science. 2019. 10 (2), 221–232. 22. Török Á.: Deterioration-related changes in physical properties and mineralogy of limestone monuments. Engineering geology for tomorrow’s cities: the 10th IAEG Congress, Nottingham (UK), 6–10 Sept. 2006 / the Geological Soc. of London. London, 2006. 297. 1–7. 23. Doehne E., Price C. A. Stone conservation: An overview of current research. Los Angeles (CA): Getty Conservation Inst., 2010. 175. 24. Cabeza L. F., Gracia A. de, Pisello A. L. Integration of renewable technologies in historical and heritage buildings: a rev. Energy and buildings. 2018. 177, 96–111. 25. Raneri S. et al. Multi-scale laboratory routine in the effi cacy assessment of conservative products for natural stones. Methods X. 2018. 5, 1095–1101. 26. Young D., Ellsmore D. Salt attack and rising damp: a guide to salt damp in historic and older buildings / Heritage Council of NSW, Heritage Victoria, South Australian Dep. for Environment and Heritage. Adelaide: City Council, 2008. 79. 27. El-Gohary M. Investigations on limestone weathering of El-Tuba Minaret El Mehalla, Egypt: a case study. Mediterranean archaeology and archaeometry. 2010. 1 (10), 61–79. 28. Princi E. Handbook of polymers in stone conservation. Smithers Rapra Technology, 2014. 316 p. URL: https://b-ok.cc/book/3338224/255ada (accessed: Jun.09.2020).
Authors: Mohamed Hassaan Ahmed
Рубрика: Культурология
Pages: 63-68
УДК: УДК 72.025.2
DOI: DOI 10.30725/2619-0303-2020-2-63-68
Keywords: conservation methodology, conservation theory, cultural heritage, the philosophical, cultural, and historical value of architectural buildings, damage, weathering, restoration science, maintenance and preservation
График выхода номеров
№1
март

1 декабря - заканчивается прием работ

25 февраля - сдача номера в печать

Выход в свет - март

№2
июнь

1 марта - заканчивается прием работ

25 мая - сдача номера в печать

Выход в свет - июнь

№3
сентябрь

1 июня - заканчивается прием работ

25 августа - сдача номера в печать

Выход в свет - сентябрь

№4
декабрь

1 сентября - заканчивается прием работ

25 ноября - сдача номера в печать

Выход в свет - декабрь